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考研英语阅读理解仿真试题 ____-__-__ 第一套

　　Itwasacold，rainyandwhollymiserableafternooninWashington，andahotmuggynightinMiami.ItwasSunday，andthreegameswereplayedinthetwocities.Thepeopleplayingthemandthepeoplewatchingthemtellusmuchabouttheever-changingethnicstructureoftheUnitedStates.

　　ProfessionalfootballintheUnitedStatesisalmostwhollyplayedbynative-bornAmericancitizens，mostlyverylargeandverystrong，manyofthemblack.Itisagameofphysicalstrength.Linemenroutinelyweighmorethan___pounds.Playersarevaluedfortheirweighandmuscles，forhowfasttheycanrun，andhowhardtheycanhiteachother.Footballdrawsthebiggestcrowds，buttheteamsplayonlyonceaweek，becausetheygetsobattered.

　　The__，___fanswereinMiamiforthefinalgameofthebaseballWorldSeries.BaseballwasonceAmerica“sfavoritegame，buthaslostthatclaimtobasketball.

　　Baseballisagamethatrequiresstrength，butnothugeness.Agility，quickness，perfectvisionandquickreactionaremoreimportantthanpurestrength.BaseballwasonceapurelyAmericangame，buthasspreadaroundmuchoftheNewWorld.InthatSunday“sfinal，thefinalhitoftheextrainninggamewasdeliveredbyanativeofColumbia.TheMostValuablePlayerinthegamewasanativeofColumbia.TherostersofbothteamswereawashwithHispanicnames，asisMiami，whichnowclaimstheWorldChampionshipisagamethatmaybelosingpopularityinAmerica，buthasgaineditinmuchoftherestoftheworld.BaseballinAmericahastakenonastrongHispanicflavor，withadashofJapaneseaddedforseasoning.

　　Soccer，whichmanycountriesjustcallfootball，isthemostwidelyenjoyedsportintheworld.Insoccer，whichmanycountriesjustcallfootball，theethnictidehasbeenthereverseofbaseball.Untilrecently，professionalsoccerintheUnitedStateshaslargelybeenanimport，playedbySouthAmericansandEuropeans.Now，Americancitizensinlargenumbersarefinallytakingupthemostpopulargameintheworld.

　　Basketball，anAmericaninventionincreasinglyplayedaroundtheworld，thesedaysdrawslargecrowdsbackhome.Likewise，hockey，agamelargelyimportedtotheUnitedStatesfromneighboringCanada.Lacrosse，aversionofwhichwasplayedbyNativeAmericansbeforetheEuropeansarrived，isalsogainingakeennationalfollowing.

　　SportsofallkindsarewinningsupportfromAmericanarmchairenthusiastsfromavarietyofethnicbackgrounds.

　　_.Whichofthefollowingcanreflecttheever-changingethnicstructureofAmerica？

　　A.Sportsman.B.Audience.C.Bothofthem.D.Noneofthem.

　　_.WhoplayprofessionalfootballintheUnitedStates？。

　　A.Native-bornAmericancitizens.

　　B.Europeans.

　　C.SouthAmericans.

　　D.BothBandC.

　　_.WhatisAmerica“sfavoritegame？

　　A.Baseball.B.Basketball.

　　C.Professionalfootball.D.Soccer.

　　_.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutsocceristrue？

　　A.Insoccerandbasketball，theethnictideisdifferent.

　　B.Untilrecently，soccerbecomesanimportantgame，somanynativeAmericansplayit.

　　C.Itisthemostpopulargameintheworld，somanyAmericancitizenstakeupit.

　　D.Althoughsocceristhemostpopulargameintheworld，Americancitizensinlargenumbersdonotlikefirst.

　　_.Theauthorofthepassagewantstotellusthat____.

　　A.AmericanslikesportsandsportsrevealmuchaboutthechangingethnicstructureoftheUnitedStates

　　B.InWashington，severalgamesareplayedinoneday

　　C.Americanslikeallkindsofgames

　　D.TheAmericangamesarewatchedbynative-Americansandplayedbypeoplefromdifferentcountries

　　KeystoPassage_

　　CADBA　　第二套

　　Thewarwasthemostpeacefulperiodofmylife.Thewindowofmybedroomfacedsoutheast.Mymotherhadcurtainedit，butthathadsmalleffect.Ialwayswokeupwiththefirstlightand，withalltheresponsibilitiesofthepreviousdaymelted，feltmyselfratherlikethesun，readytoshineandfeeljoy.Lifeneverseemedsosimpleandclearandfullofpossibilitiesasthen.Istuckmyfeetoutunderthesheets-IcalledthemMrs.

　　LeftandMrs.Right-andinventeddramaticsituationsfortheminwhichtheydiscussedtheproblemsoftheday.AtleastMrs.

　　Rightdid；sheeasilyshowedherfeelings，butIdidn“thavethesamecontrolofMrs.Left，soshemostlycontentedherselfwithnoddingagreement.

　　TheydiscussedwhatMotherandIshoulddoduringtheday，whatSantaClausshouldgiveafellowforChristmas，andwhatstepsshouldbetakentobrightenthehome.Therewasthatlittlematterofthebaby，forinstance.MotherandIcouldneveragreeaboutthat.Ourswastheonlyhouseintheneighborhoodwithoutanewbaby，andMothersaidwecouldn“taffordonetillFathercamebackfromthewarbecauseifcostseventeenandsix.Thatshowedhowfoolishshewas.TheGeneysuptheroadhadababy，andeveryoneknewtheycouldn”taffordseventeenandsix.Itwasprobablyacheapbaby，andMotherwantedsomethingreallygood，butIfeltshewastoohardtoplease.TheGeneys“babywouldhavedoneusfine.

　　Havingsettledmyplansfortheday，Igotup，putachairundermywindow，andliftedtheframehighenoughtostickoutmyhead.Thewindowoverlookedthefrontgardensofthehomesbehindours，andbeyondtheseitlookedoveradeepvalleytothetall，red-brickhouseuptheoppositehillside，whichwereallstillshadow，whilethoseonoursideofthevalleywerealllitup，thoughwithlongstorageshadowsthatmadethemseemunfamiliar，stiffandpainted.

　　AfterthatIwentsintosMother“sroomandclimbedsintosthebigbed.ShewokeandIbegantotellherofmyschemes.Bythistime，thoughIneverseemtohavenoticedit，Iwasfreezinginmynightshirt，butIwarmedupasItalkeduntilthelastfrostmelted.IfellasleepbesideherandwokeagainonlywhenIheardherbelowinthekitchen，makingbreakfast.

　　_.Howdidtheauthorfeelearlyinthemorning？

　　A.Hefeltfrightenedbythewar.

　　B.Hefeltcheerful.

　　C.Hefeltpuzzledbythedramaticsituationsaroundhim.

　　D.Hefeltburdenedwithresponsibilities.

　　_.Whenhewokeupinthemorning，hewould____.

　　A.visitMrs.LeftandMrs.Right

　　B.rollupthecurtains

　　C.trytoworkouthisplansfortheday

　　D.makeMrs.LeftarguewithMrs.Right

　　_.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhismother？

　　A.Shewasstubborn.

　　B.Shewaspoor.

　　C.Shewasnotveryintelligent.

　　D.Shedidnotlovehimverymuch.

　　_.Wherewastheauthor“sfatherduringthewar？

　　A.Hewasoutonbusiness.

　　B.Hewasworkinginanothertown.

　　C.Hewenttraveling.

　　D.Hewasfightinginthefront.

　　_.Inwhichmonthdidthestoryprobablytakeplace？

　　A.InJanuary.B.InSeptember.C.InDecember.

　　D.InNovember.

　　KeystoPassage_

　　BCADC

　　第三套

　　Theimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistisreflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks，aswellasseveralchapters，mainlyin，butnotlimitedto，journalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts，stresstheDOUBLE_QUOTATIONhowto“aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview，itscontext，andimpressions.Asweknow，injournalismasinotherfields，muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.

　　Thereis，ashasbeensuggested，agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting，butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand，manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempirical（经验的）aspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily，thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First，itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar，atleastinapositivemanner，withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview，suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosis（诊断）andtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfamiliarsituationisthejobinterview.However，veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia，particularlybytelevision.Andyet，wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders，listeners，andviewers.Evenso，trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview，especiallytelevisioninterviews，requiresthoughtfulanalysisandevenstudy，asthisbookindicates.

　　_.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat____.

　　A.generalizedprinciplesforjournalisticinterviewsarethechiefconcernforwritersonjournalism

　　B.conceptsandcontextualimplicationsareofsecondaryimportancetojournalisticinterviewing

　　C.importanceshouldbeattachedtothesystematicstudyofjournalisticinterviewing

　　D.personalexperiencesandgeneralimpressionsshouldbeexcludedfromjournalisticinterviews

　　_.Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral____.

　　A.butjournalisticinterviewingasspecificfieldhasunfortunatelybeenneglected

　　B.thoughthestudyoftheinterviewingtechniqueshasn“treceivedmuchattention

　　C.sothetrainingofjournalisticinterviewershaslikewisebeenstrengthened

　　D.andtherehasalsobeenadramaticgrowthinthestudyofjournalisticinterviewing

　　_.Westernersarefamiliarwiththejournalisticinterview，____.

　　A.butmostofthemwishtostayawayfromit

　　B.andmanyofthemhopetobeinterviewedsomeday

　　C.butmostofthemmaynothavebeeninterviewedinperson

　　D.andmanyofthemwouldliketoacquireatrueunderstandingofit

　　_.Whoistheintervieweeinaclinicalinterview？

　　A.Thepsychologist.B.Thephysician.

　　C.Thejournalist.

　　D.Thepatient.

　　_.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof____.

　　A.anewsarticleB.apreface

　　C.aresearchreportD.ajournalisticinterview

　　KeystoPassage_

　　CACDB

　　第四套

　　Lessthanayearago，anewgenerationofdietpillsseemedtoofferthelong-soughtanswertoourchronicweightproblems.Hundredsofthousandsofpound-consciousAmericanshaddiscoveredthatadrugcombinationknownas“fen-phen”couldshutoffvoraciousappetiteslikemagic，andtheFDAhadjustapprovedanewdrug，Redux，thatdidthesamewithfewersideeffects.Reduxwouldattracthundredsofthousandsofnewpillpopperswithinafewmonths.

　　Butnowthediet-drugrevolutionisfacingabacklash.Someofthenation“slargestHMOs，includingAetnaU.S.HealthcareandPrudentialHealthcarehavebeguncuttingbackoreliminatingreimbursement（退款补偿、报销）forbothpills.DietchainslikeJennyCraigandNutri/Systemarebackingawayfromthemtoo.Severalstates，meanwhile，haverestrictedtheuseoffen-phen.LastweektheFloridalegislaturebannednewprescriptionsentirelyandcalledondoctorstowean（使断绝）currentpatientsfromthedrugwithin__days；italsoputa__-daylimitonReduxprescriptions.EvenNewJerseydoctorSheldonLevine，whotoutedReduxlastyearonTVandinhisbookTheReduxRevolution，hasstoppedgivingittoallbuthismostobesepatients.

　　Thereasonforalltheretrenchment（紧缩、删节）：potentiallylethalsideeffects.Overthesummer，theFDArevealedthat__patientshaddevelopeddefectsintheirheartvalueswhileonfen-phen，andthatsevenpatientshadcomedownwiththesameconditiononRedux.

　　Asifthatweren“tbadenough，physiciansreportedthatawomanwhohadbeentakingfen-phenforlessthanamonthdiedofprimarypulmonaryhypertension，asometimesfatallungconditionalreadyassociatedwithRedux.AndanarticleintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationlastmonthconfirmedearlierreportsthatbothfen-phenandReduxcancausebraindamageinlabanimals.

　　ThesefindingsledtheNewEnglandJournaltopublisheditorialadmonishingdoctorstoprescribethedrugsonlyforpatientswithsevereobesity.Meanwhile，FDAaskeddrugmakerstoputmoreexplicitwarningsonfen-phenandReduxlabels.Sincemid-July，prescriptionsforfen-phenhavedropped__%，andthoseforRedux__%，accordingtoIMSAmerica，apharmaceuticalmarketresearchfirm.Allthatreallydoes，however，istobringthenumbersdowntoswherestheyshouldhavebeenallalong.Manufacturerssaidfromthestartthattheirpillsofferedashort-termtherapyfortheobese，notforpeoplelookingtofitsintosasmallerbathingsuit.FDAapprovedReduxwithjustsuchacaveat，andwhenlimitedtothesepatients，thedrugsmaystillmakesense-despitetherisks-becausemorbidobesitycarriesitsowndangers，includingheartdisease，diabetesandstroke.Toooften，however，Reduxandfen-phenwerepeddledtoallcomers，almostlikecandy.Thecurrentbacklash，saysLevine，isa“rollercoasterthatnevershouldhavehappened.”

　　_.Thenewpillsseemedtobeasolutionto____.

　　A.theproblemofobesitythathasobsessedtheAmericansforalongtime

　　B.theproblemthatisofgreatweightandsignificance

　　C.thevitalproblemcausedbythepills

　　D.thethreateningsituationwearefacinginthelongrun

　　_.Thestatement“diet-drugrevolutionisfacingabacklash”issupportedbythefollowingfactsexcept____.

　　A.dietchainsandsomeoftheHMOshaveremovedtheirsupportforthepills

　　B.somestateshavelimitedorforbiddentheprescriptionsofthedietpills

　　C.inFlorida，patientsaretoldtoturnawayfromtheuseoffen-phenwithinamonth

　　D.SheldonLevine，aNewJerseydoctor，toutedoneofthepillsonTVandinhisbook

　　_.Theworstcasethatrevealedthefataldarksideofthedietpillsis____.

　　A.__patientsonfen-phenandsevenonReduxhaddevelopedheartdefects

　　B.awomanpatientonfen-phenhaddiedofabnormallyhighbloodpressure

　　C.awomanpatientonfen-phenhaddiedofalungdisease

　　D.bothdietpillscausebraindamage

　　_.NewEnglandJournaladmonisheddoctorsto____.

　　A.givethepillsonlytotheseverelyoverweightpersons

　　B.taketheobesepatientsoffthedrugscompletely

　　C.droptheprescriptionsforthepillsdrastically

　　D.putclearerwarningsonthedruglabels

　　_.Accordingtothedrugmanufacturers，thepills____.

　　A.onlyoffertemporarytreatmentforthemorbidobesity

　　B.aremeantforallthepeoplewhoyearnforslimness

　　C.aretooriskytobeused

　　D.arethemostimportantweightlossdiscoveries

　　KeystoPassage_

　　ADCAA

　　第五套

　　Everylivingthinghasaninnerbiologicalclockthatcontrolsbehavior.Theclockworksallthetime；evenwhentherearenooutsidesignstomarkthepassingoftime.Thebiologicalclocktellsplantswhentoformflowersandwhentheflowersshouldopen.Ittellsinsectswhentoleavetheprotectivecocoonandflyaway.Andittellsanimalswhentoeat，sleepandwake.Itcontrolsbodytemperature，thereleaseofsomehormonesandevendreams.Thesenaturaldailyeventsarecircadianrhythms.

　　Manhasknownaboutthemforthousandsofyears.Butthefirstscientificobservationofcircadianrhythmswasnotmadeuntil____.InthatyearFrenchastronomer，Jean-Jacquesd“OrtousdeMairan，notedthatoneofhisplantsopeneditsleavesatthesametimeeverymorning，andclosedthematthesametimeeverynight.Theplantdidthisevenwhenhekeptitinadarkplaceallthetime.Laterscientistswonderedaboutcircadianrhythmsinhumans.Theylearnedthatman”sbiologicalclockactuallykeepstimewithadayofalittlelessthan__hoursinsteadofthe__hoursonaman-madeclock.AboutfouryearsagoanAmericandoctor，EliotWeitzman，establishedalaboratorytostudyhowourbiologicalclockworks.Thepeopleinhisexperimentsareshutofffromtheoutsideworld.Theyarefreetolistentoandlivebytheircircadianrhythms.Dr.Weitzmanhopeshisresearchwillleadtoeffectivetreatmentsforcommonsleepproblemsandsleepdisorderscausedbyageingandmentalillness.ThelaboratoryisintheMontefloreHospitalinNewYorkCity.Ithastwolivingareaswiththreesmallroomsineach.Thewindowsarecovered，sonosunlightormoonlightcomesin.Therearenoradiosortelevisionreceivers.Thereisacontrolroombetweenthelivingareas.Itcontainscomputers，one-waycamerasandotherelectronicdevicesforobservingthepersoninthelivingarea.Theinstrumentsmeasureheartbeat，bodytemperature，hormonesintheblood，othersubstancesintheurineandbrainwavesduringsleep.Adoctorormedicaltechnicianisondutyinthecontrolroom__hoursadayduringanexperiment.Theydonotworkthesametimeeachdayandarenotpermittedtowearwatches，sothepersonintheexperimenthasnoideawhattimeitis.Inthefirstfouryearsofresearch，DrWeitzmanandhisassistanthaveobserved__menbetweentheagesof__and__.Themenremainedinthelaboratoryforaslongassixmonths.Lastmonth，asciencereporterfor“TheNewYorkTimes”newspaper，DavaSobol，becamethefirstwomantotakepartintheexperiment.SheenteredthelaboratoryonJune__thandstayedfor__days.MissSobolwrotereportsabouttheexperimentduringthattime，whichwerepublishedinthenewspaper.

　　_.Thebiologicalclockisbelievedtoplayanessentialrolein____.

　　A.theregulationofbodytemperature

　　B.thesecretionofhormones

　　C.animalreproduction

　　D.manyaspectsofplantandanimalphysiology

　　_.Inhisobservation，theFrenchscientistnoticedthattheleavesofacertainplantmaintaineditsopening-and-closingcycles____.

　　A.evenwhenitwaskeptinamurkyplaceallday

　　B.evenifitwasplacedinthemoonlight

　　C.evenwhenhewasobservingitfromadarkplace

　　D.evenduringthenighttime

　　_.Thesentence“Theyarefreetolistentoandlivebytheircircadianrhythms.”（InParagraph_）probablymeans____.

　　A.Theycanleadtheirdailylivesaccordingtotheirbiologicalclocks，withoutreferringtoaman-madeclock.

　　B.Theycanlistentothewonderfulrhythmsofthebiologicalclockandliveclosetothem.

　　C.Theycanlivebyregulatingtheirowncircadianrhythms.

　　D.Theyarefreefromtheannoyingrhythmsofeverydaylife.

　　_.IntheexperimentconductedbyMr.Weitzman，thedoctorwhoisondutydoesnotworkthesametimeeachday____.

　　A.insgroupstoobservetheabnormalbehaviorofthepeopleatdifferenttimes

　　B.soasnottoberecognizedbythepeople

　　C.soastoavoidindicatingtothepeoplewhattimeitiswhenhestartswork

　　D.soastoleavethepeople“scircadianrhythmsindisorder

　　_.MissSobolleftthelaboratory____.

　　A.onJune__thB.onJune__th

　　C.attheendofJuneD.onJuly_th

　　KeystoPassage_

　　DAACD

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